Carburetor



Dec. 19, 1933. G. HAMMOND 1,940,252

CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 8. 19,50

Patented Dec. 19, 1933 PATENT OFFICE CARBURETOR Grant Hammond, New Haven, Conn., assignor to The Hammond Company, New Haven, Conn.,

a corporation of Connecticut Application January 8,

4 Claims.

My invention relates to the class of devices used for mixing air and an inflammable fluid,

usually in the form of a liquid, for ignition pur-- poses, and more particularly in connection with internal combustion engines, and an object of my invention, among others, is the production.

of a device of this class that shall be extremely simple in construction and eillcient in operation.

One form of a carburetor embodying my invention, and in the construction and use of which, the objects herein set out, as well as others, may be attained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a view in lengthwise central section through the shell and enclosed parts of my improved carburetor.

Figure 2 is a View in section on a plane denoted by the dotted line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail view illustrating the spider for supporting the priming cup, this beingin section on a plane denoted by the dotted line 3 3 of Figure 1.

In the accompanying drawing the numeral 3 denotes the shell of my improved carburetor that is preferably of generally cylindrical shape with an opening therethrough from end to end and with a flange 4 at one end to serve as a means for attachment of the shell to the manifold of an engine or other part connected with said engine. A nipple 5 for the attachment of a fuel inlet tube is secured to and projects from one side of the shell, and a fuel inlet fixture 6 is preferably removably attached to the end of the nipple inside of the shell. This fixture is preferably of T-shape with the stem '7 screw threadedly engaged with the end of the nipple and having an inlet passage communicating with a passage through the nipple for the inflow of a combustiflanged bushing 10 preferably screw threadedly engaged with the mouth of the chamber l8 and with the flange of the bushing located against the end of the cross piece 9. The hole in the bushing is tapered and forms a seat for a needle valve 11 that is pressed against said seat as by means of a spring l2 located in the inner end of the chamber 8.

A priming cup 13 is secured to the end of the needle valve 11, the mouth of said cup surrounding and receiving therein the end of the cross piece 9, this cup being of a size to provide a little space between its wall and the outer surface of the ends of said cross piece for the outflow of fuel from the cup to the interior of the shell 3.

All of the parts thus far described form the subject matter of a co-pending application filed 1930. Serial No. 419,244

by me March 29, 1929, S.No. 351,019, which matured to Patent 1,890,782 issued Dec. 13, 1932 and to which reference is hereby made for a more complete understanding of the structure if such shall be desired, but the description herein given is sufcient for a thorough understanding of the invention forming the subject matter of this application. s

A throttle valve 14 is pivotally mounted Within the shell to close the opening at one end thereof, this valve being supported as by means of a valve sleeve 15 mounted on a throttle shaft 16 having a bearing at its opposite ends in the wall of the shell and having a throttle lever 1'1 secured to one end outside of the shell as a means for operating the throttle valve or throttle in a manner that will be readily understood.

A fuel valve actuator 18 is supported by the throttle valve in position to operate the fuel inlet or needle valve 11, in the form herein shown, this actuator being in the form of a cam plate having its end in sliding contact with a roller in a groove in 'the outer surface of the bottom of the cup 13. In order to provide for a proper adjustment of the actuator for idling purposes, or otherwise, an adjusting screw 19 is extended laterally through the sleeve 15 and shaft 16 and an actuator stem 20 extends through a hole formed lengthwise in said screw, the lower edge of the actuator resting upon the screw. By this means the position of the actuator may be fixed to provide for the admission of such amount of combustible fluid as may be desired. A set screw 26 projects into a hole extending lengthwise into the shaft 16 from one end thereof, said screw being threaded just underneath a knurled head thereon for engagement with the screw threaded mouth of said hole. The rest of the screw is smooth to its inner end which engages with a shoe pressed against the stem 20 of the actuator for the purpose of retaining the parts in place.

A priming lever 21 is pivotally mounted in a notch in the end of the shell, one arm of said lever underlying the end of the stem 20 for operation thereof and the other arm of said lever being adapted for connection with any suitable device for operation of the priming mechanism, it being noted that when the lever 21 is operated, the needle valve 11 will be opened to supply a quantity of combustible fluid to the interior'of the shell and without increasing the amount of air entering the shell, said air being substantially completely shut off at this time by reason of the throttle being closed.

It is often desirable to enrich the explosive mixture for the performance of heavy duty by an engine, particularly when driving an automobile, and under conditions requiring quick action, and I have provided means in my improved carburetor, illustrated and described herein, for effecting this result. The fuel valve actuator 18 is so curved for the greater portion of its length, and to the point a, as to properly control the gas inlet or needle valve 11 to admit the necessary amount of iluid in proportion to the air to meet the ordinary requirement. From y the point a I have increased the radius oi the curve from that which would be required for light duty and thereby provide a power accelerator which increases the degree oi opening movement of the needle valve in proportion to the amount of opening movement of the throttle valve 14, thereby enriching the explosive mixture.

For the purpose of explanation let it be assumed that the carburetor is employed in an automobile used only for light duty. In this case the actuator would be of a length extending substantially to the point a or, if longer, from the point a, the actuator would be formed on a curve denoted by the dotted line 22. In the present instance I have increased the radius of the curve to an extent denoted by the dotted line and the full line at the edge of the actuator, this portion of the actuator being the power accelerator 23 which operates as follows: Under ordinary running conditions requiring comparatively little power, as on down grades, level stretches, or light upgrades, the throttle will be opened to eiIect contact of the actuator 18 and priming cup 13 from the starting point on the actuator approximately to the point a. Under these conditions if the throttle be opened more, the increase in proportion oi the combustible iluid or fuel over the air would hamper the action of the engine, either slowing it down or stopping it.

When equipped with my power accelerator the running conditions above described would be the same. If, however, a requirement suddenly develops for the exercise of greater power by the engine, the throttle is opened to contact the actuator 18 with the cup 13 beyond the point a, thereby at once increasing the richness of the explosive mixture and enabling the engine instantly to meet the added requirements and perform the extra heavy duty required, this without substantial extra effort on the part of the driver and without a dinerent etiort than that required to drive the engine under ordinary coiditions.

To effect the result just hereinbei'ore described, it is simply necessary to make the actuator 18 enough longer than would otherwise be required y and increase the radius of this portion, such extra length being that from the point a to that end opposite the starting point, and in order not to increase the size of the shell 3, I form an opening 24 through the shell wall and cover this opening by a thin plate 25, and asshown in Figure 1 of the drawing.

As a support for the priming cup 13, I provide a spider the arms 27 of which are secured in openings in a venturi 2a and inthe shell 3,"

andasshowninFigures1and3. 'Ihesearms extend radially from a hub 29 having a hole therethrough to ilt the cup 13 in a manner to permit easy sliding movement of said. cup in the hub. 'I'he opening through the venturi is preferably of the least diameter about opposite the mouth of the priming cupis, gradually tapering from this point to a greater-dimension in,- wardly;

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention, together with the device which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the device shown is only illustrative, and that the invention may be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set out.

lI claim:

1. A carburetor including a shell having a combustible fluid inlet, a valve to control flow through said inlet, a throttle located within the shell, a priming cup operatively connected with said valve and surrounding the outlet tip of said inlet, a spider comprising arms extending radially from the walls of the shell and terminating in a socket to receive said cup to support it in its movement with said valve, a valve actuator mounted on said throttle on the inner face thereof, and operatively connected with said valve for operation of the latter, means for adjusting the position of said actuator with respect to said valve and including a screw extending through the throttle and accessible at the end o! the shell, and means for operating said actuator.

2. A carburetor including a shell having a 105 combustible uid inlet, a valve to control flow through said inlet, a throttle, a priming cup operatively connected with said valve and surrounding the outlet tip of said inlet, a spider comprising arms extending radially from the walls of the shell and terminating in a socket to receive said cup to support it in its movement with'said valve, a valve actuator mounted on said throttle and operatively connected with said valve for operation of the latter, a stem projecting from said actuator, an adjusting screw engaged with said stem and accessible at the end of the shell ioradjusting the position of the actuator with respect to the valve,` and means for operating the actuator. 120

3. A carburetor including a shell having a combustible, iluid inlet, a valve to control ilow through said inlet, a throttle, a priming cup operatively connectedwith said valve and surrounding the outlet tip of said inlet, a spider comprising arms extending radially from the walls ot the shell and terminating in a socket to receive said cup to support it in its movement with said valve, a valve actuator mounted on said throttle and operatively connected with vsaid valve i'or operation of the latter, an adjusting screw engaged with said throttle and having a hole therethrough, a stem projecting from said actuator through said hole and out at the .F l endvthereof, and means engageable with the end 1M of said stem for the operation of said actuator.

4. A carburetory including a shell having a combustible huid inlet, a valve to control ow through said inlet, a priming cup borne by said Y valve and surrounding the outlet tip of said 14 inlet, a spider comprising arms extending radially from the walls of the shell and terminating in a socket to receive said cup and support it in its movement with said valve, and means for operating said valve. r 14e' GRANT HAMMOND. 

